Tuesday, October 01, 2013

Introduction to Romans - Romans 1:1-7



Introduction to Romans
Grace and Peace

1 Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated to the gospel of God 2 which He promised before through His prophets in the Holy Scriptures, 3 concerning His Son Jesus Christ our Lord, who was born of the seed of David according to the flesh, 4 and declared to be the Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead. 5 Through Him we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith among all nations for His name, 6 among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ; 7 To all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

1.         Everyone is probably familiar with the phrase “all roads lead to Rome,” interestingly it’s a colloquialism that arose from a reality.
a.    During the first century, all roads did in fact lead to Rome!
b.    That was by design, and it indicated that Rome was the center of the known world, if not geographically, then in every other aspect.
c.    Rome was center of power for the Roman Empire, center of politics, finance, education, culture,
d.    To visit Rome was witness all of the splendor, pomp and circumstance that the world had to offer.
e.    To introduce yourself as hailing from Rome brought instant recognition and honor.
2.         Rome represented the finest that the world had to offer. However, Rome also had a problem:  She has lost her moral bearing, and she was rotting from within.



a.    Immorality, corruption, political patronage, it was as if a malignant cancer was silently eating away at the core of the Empire, eventually proving to be fatal, as Rome collapsed not through defeat, but from within.
b.    But there was one bright spot in Rome, one flickering flame:  The gospel message of Jesus Christ had taken root in the city.  
c.    In the midst of a dying culture men and women were coming to Christ, the church was growing and shining like a light in the darkness.
3.         And it was towards this church of believers, and this city, that Paul set his sights on, sometime around 57-58 AD

The Church
4.         We don’t know precisely who established the church at Rome, many theologians believe that Jews who had made the pilgrimage to Jerusalem were present at Pentecost, and returned to Rome with the gospel.
a.    (Referring to the event recorded in Acts 2, approx. 32 A.D. Peter preached his first sermon, and over 3000 saved)
b.    What we do know is that when Paul wrote this letter, some 25 years later, the reputation of the church was known far and wide.
c.    No statistics on size, but some historians estimate that approx 20% of Rome’s population were Christians!
d.    And the Apostle Paul wanted very much visit the church there –

I often planned to come to you...  Rom 1:13
having a great desire these many years to come to you… Rom 15:23

5.         It was Paul’s calling not only to plant churches, but also to visit and encourage them.
a.    I can also imagine that Paul would have thought “Rome is the center of the world, if I can get there, I can spread the gospel through the entire world!  But he wasn't able to travel there just yet.
b.    On his third missionary venture, he was wintering in Corinth, on his way to Jerusalem to deliver a gift that had been collected for the saints, then he hoped to travel to Rome, then on to Spain.
c.    He did eventually get to Rome, but not in the way that he planned.  Paul was arrested on trumped up charges in Jerusalem, held for several years, then finally appealed his case to Caesar, and he was brought to Rome as a prisoner.
d.    Nonetheless, Paul knew it would be many months before he could get to Rome, so did the next best thing:  He wrote them a letter.
6.         I believe God was at work in the events surrounding Paul's strange journey (Paul noted this in Romans 8:28 “all things work together for good for those who love God”)
a.    See, in all of his other letters, Paul wrote to churches that he was familiar with, churches he had personally planted, and he used those letters to address specific concerns and issues that had been brought to his attention
b.    Some of these letters are now contained in the NT as epistles, from which we're able to learn incredible doctrinal truths relating to those same issues today!
7.         But Paul had never been to Rome, he wasn't intimately familiar with their walk, so when he wrote this letter,
a.    it seems he wanted to make sure he included as much life-changing theology as he could:  "I want to make sure these folks are on solid footing..."
b.    Perhaps why this book is without a doubt the most doctrinally rich book in the New Testament.
8.         Which is why it’s been said that if you only had one book of the bible from which to live by, Paul’s letter to the Romans would suffice!
a.    It has been called the “Cathedral” of the Christian faith, the cornerstone of the bible, Paul’s masterpiece, his “opus.”

“It is the most remarkable production of the most remarkable man. It is his heart. It contains the theology, theoretical and practical, for which he lived and died. It gives the clearest and fullest exposition of the doctrines of sin and grace, and the best possible solution of the universal dominion of sin and death in the universal redemption by the second Adam.
– Phillip Schaff

9.         This book has changed the lives of more people than perhaps any other book of the bible:
10.     4th century Antioch, commonly referred to as “the cradle of Christianity,” a man named John Chrysostom was widely known as the most gifted orator the church had ever known.  
a.    So eloquent were his sermons, the congregation would often break out into massive applause over and over while he spoke.  
b.    He was so embarrassed by the applause, that he once taught a sermon on why people shouldn’t applause during a sermon, to which the congregation responded with a massive standing ovation!
c.    John Chrysostom was prompted by the Lord to become a minister after reading the book of Romans, and for the rest of his life he read it through each week!
11.     He was followed by Augustine of Hippo, who as a young man lived an immoral and debaucherous life.  
a.    One day while sitting in the yard of a friend, weighed down by his sin and guilt, he overheard a group of children singing well-known ditty of that time “Pick it up and read it through…” and so he did.
b.    He picked up nearby scroll, and read the following words:

Let us walk properly, as in the day, not in revelry and drunkenness, not in lewdness and lust, not in strife and envy. But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to fulfill its lusts. Romans 13:13-14

c.    Augustine was stunned by the words that spoke directly into his life; He went back to chapter one, read through the book Roman’s, and was converted by the end of the book.
d.    He went on to be one of the great teachers / writers / theologians of the middle ages.
12.     One thousand years later, a Catholic monk named Martin Luther was sitting at his desk in Eislenben Germany, agonizing over the fact that despite his “pure” lifestyle, his mind was plagued by immoral and impure thoughts!
a.    Then the words of the Apostle Paul came to his mind:

Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom also we have access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. Romans 5:1-2

b.    Luther’s eyes were opened, his life was changed, he was born again into the faith, prompting him to stand against the religiosity and unbiblical practices of the Catholic church.  
c.    Luther literally changed the world as he ushered in what’s now known as the Great Reformation.
13.     In the 1700’s John Wesley left England for the new world of America to evangelize the native American Indians.  He failed miserably.
a.    Returning to England a broken man, in a state of despair, he stumbled into a small church in London where the preacher was teaching on the book of Romans.
b.    During that sermon, John Wesley was born again, and went on to greatly impact his world, founding the Methodist church.
14.     You say “that’s a bunch of old dead guys…”
15.     Back in the 60’s a young pastor by the name of Chuck Smith wanted to remain in Huntington Beach so he could surf, and he’d heard that he taught through a book of the bible, it would give him sermon material for another year (at HB!).
a.    While preaching through the book of Romans, he realized he could throw off the yoke of religion and the law, and his life and his ministry was changed.
b.    He went on to pastor a small church called Calvary Chapel of Costa Mesa, opening one of the largest evangelical movements of our time, the “Jesus Movement.” (Pastor Greg Laurie was one of those Jesus hippies!)
c.    Today there are more than 1000 Calvary Chapel’s, and bible colleges all over the world.
16.     1994, Raleigh NC, myself and four friends returned from a Promise Keeper event, where one of the speakers, a CC pastor, encouraged us to go home, get a group of men together, and start studying the bible.
a.    So we did.  You want to know which book we started with?  Romans.  It changed our lives.
b.    Every man in that study are to this day walking strong with God, impacting their world.
17.     This is perhaps the longest introduction ever to a book of the bible, but I want each one of you to understand before we get started:
a.    This book will change your life, and I’m excited to and blessed to be able to experience with you, what I believe will be a life-changing journey as we take up the book of Romans!

1 Paul,

18.     “Paul” was not Paul’s given name, at birth he was named “Saul,” named after the first king of Israel.
a.    The name “Saul” carries the meaning “requested one,” the man in demand!
b.    See as a Pharisee, Saul was “the man,” he gave his credentials in his letter to the church at Philippi:

...circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; concerning zeal, persecuting the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless. Phil 3:5-6

19.     Paul was a proud Pharisee who saw himself as righteous before God because of his good works, and following the law.
a.    But after his encounter with Jesus Christ, he was a broken man, he recognized how great of a sinner he really was. He recognized that God had forgiven him, and so in response he changed his name to Paul, which means “little.”
20.     Some believe Paul changed his name to gain accessibility in the gentile nations (gentile is simple anyone who is not Jewish), having a Roman name instead of a Hebrew name.
a.    Whether it was humility or accessibility that drove Paul to change his name, one thing is true:  After his conversion, Saul was a different man!

Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ,

21.     The word Paul uses here is doulos, which means ‘bondservant.’
a.    See there are servants, and then there are bondservants.
b.    A servant serves, and is paid for their service, a bondservant is a life-long commitment.
c.    Exodus 21 describes it thus:  If a person becomes a slave, they can only serve for six years, then they have to be granted their freedom.
d.    But if after six years the slave thought “I like it here, I love my master, he takes good care of me, and I want to remain here,”
e.    Then the master would drive a nail through the servant's ear, place an earring in his ear, which signified that he was a doulos, a life-long bondservant.
22.     Paul uses this term to indicate that he had made a conscious decision to surrender his entire life to Jesus Christ.
a.    Some might say “I want to follow Jesus, but I’m not so sure about being a bondservant, I want to have a life.”
b.    Let me counter that with this:  It is a wise choice to give your life fully to Christ, because the Lord Jesus Christ takes care of His own!
c.    Just my own experience:  The more of my life that I give to Christ, the more blessed, fulfilled, purposeful, and empowered my life becomes!
23.     You can never go wrong becoming a doulos for Christ!

Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle

24.     The word apostle simply means “one who is sent out.”  In the biblical sense there are two types of apostles:
a.    “A” Apostles are the men who were called by Christ, discipled by Christ, sent out by Christ.
b.    Revelation 21 tells us that the walls that will surround the new Jerusalem in Heaven will have twelve foundations, each one with the name of one of the twelve Apostles.
25.     There are many other “a” apostles noted in the bible: Barnabus, Titus, Andronicus, men that were sent out.
a.    Even today there are apostles, people who are sent out to a city, a country, to proclaim the gospel and plant churches.

Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated to the gospel of God

26.     As a Pharisee, Saul had been separated out as a man fully devoted to the law, keeping it and making sure everyone else did too!
a.    But now Paul has been separated out for another calling - the gospel of God!
b.    Paul had grasped a life-changing truth: The good news about God isn't "here is a book of rules, follow the..."
c.    The good news about God is that through Jesus Christ we have been set free!
27.     See the word gospel is the Greek "euangelion," where we get the word “evangelist.” It means “good news.”
a.    This word was used when the Israelites were released from slavery in Babylon, it meant, "you can go home, you’re free.  Good news!"
b.    Once Paul was set free, he never looked back!
28.     Twenty-five years before Paul penned this letter, he became a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ on the road to Damascus,
a.    Paul said “Lord, what would you have me do?” and he kept at it for the next twenty-five years!
b.    What was it that kept Paul so focused, so driven, so determined to spread the gospel of God?
c.    I don’t believe it was because he had found a new philosophy, or because he was a student of theology…
d.    I believe Paul stayed true to his calling because he had an encounter with the risen Christ!
29.     See, becoming a student of theology and learning all you can about God and the bible is great, but if that’s all you do you’re missing the heart of Christianity altogether.
a.    The gospel of God about the risen Christ - He’s alive, and His Spirit dwells within us!
b.    We can talk with him, fellowship with Him, we are made alive by Him!
c.    And this is not a new thing, it was promised all throughout history!

2 which He promised before through His prophets in the Holy Scriptures, 3 concerning His Son Jesus Christ our Lord, who was born of the seed of David according to the flesh, 4 and declared to be the Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead.

30.     The gospel is good news, but it’s not new news:  Jesus fulfilled over 300 prophecies that were given about Him throughout the Old Testament.
31.     Paul is making it clear: The center of Christianity is not a philosophical or moral system, it is a Person: Jesus Christ.
a.    Jesus has both a human origin (born of the seed of David according to the flesh), and an eternal existence (declared to be the Son of God).
b.    The evidence of Jesus’ humanity is His human birth; the evidence of His deity is His resurrection from the dead

5 Through Him we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith among all nations for His name, 6 among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ;

32.     It is not through a philosophy or moral code that gives us standing before God; it is only through our relationship with Christ that we receive grace and apostleship.
a.    Grace:  Through God’s mercy, Jesus paid the price for our sin, given freely
b.    Apostleship - did you know that we are ALL have an apostolic calling?  
c.    No matter what you are called to, whether its to be an missionary, or a carpenter, we have all been sent out into our world with a mission:  Tell people about Jesus!
33.     See wherever you are sent out to, whether it be a foreign country, a construction site, an office, or the checkout line at Walmart,
a.    There are people that you will come into contact with that need to hear the gospel!
b.    They might not come to church, but you have a window into their lives!
34.     So don’t think that just because you're on staff in a church means that you don’t have a ministry.
a.    You actually have a greater ministry opportunity, because when you’re out there everyday in the workplace that God has called you to, you come into contact with more people that need Christ than our staff here at CCW (everyone here is saved!)
35.     And God has given you the greatest message that anyone could hear:  That Jesus died so they can live!

… for obedience to the faith among all nations for His name, 6 among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ 7 To all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

36.     Obedience / Grace / Peace:  When Greeks greeted each other, they would say “Charis” which means “grace.”  
a.    When Jews greeted each other, they would say “Shalom” which means “peace.”
b.    Paul put these words together and greeted the church “grace and peace,” and he always put them in the same order,
c.    Because you’ll never achieve obedience, and experience peace until you understand grace!
37.     If you’re trying to be holy or righteous before God by your works, keeping the law, being holy, you’ll find yourself always in contention.
a.    Because there’s a war going on; Your human nature, which wants to sin, and the Spirit of God, which is holiness and wants you to do right.
b.    Paul went into detail in chapter 7 (which we’ll cover in more detail later):

I have discovered this principle of life—that when I want to do what is right, I inevitably do what is wrong. I love God’s law with all my heart. But there is another power within me that is at war with my mind. This power makes me a slave to the sin that is still within me. Oh, what a miserable person I am! Who will free me from this life that is dominated by sin and death? Thank God! The answer is in Jesus Christ our Lord.  Rom 7:21-24 (NLT)

38.     See the answer is not trying to be more obedient:  Praying more, or reading our bible more, it didn’t work for Martin Luther!
a.    The answer is a personal encounter with the grace of God through Jesus Christ!
b.    To comprehend that no matter what sin I’ve committed, I am FORGIVEN!
c.    To know that even if I’ve blown it, He is still here with me!
d.    To believe that what my problems are, or how far I’ve run, I can turn to my Lord and say “Here I am Lord, help me…” - and He will answer!
39.     And the result? I WANT to pray more, because I recognize the power of prayer in my life!
a.    I want to study my bible more, because I recognize that it is the bread of life, strengthening me and growing me.
b.    Friends - we need to know this:  It is only by the grace of God - unmerited favor – through Jesus Christ, that we will experience peace!
40.     Peace with God
a.    Because I am forgiven, I am no longer under the penalty of the law!  I no longer live under the threat of condemnation!
b.    and that gives me...
41.     Peace of God – that passes all understanding!

and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus. Phil 4:7

Copyright © 2013 Clay Ritter. This data file is the sole property of Clay Ritter. It may be copied only in its entirety for circulation freely without charge. All copies of this data file must contain this copyright notice. This data file may not be copied in part, edited, revised, copied for resale or incorporated in any commercial publications, recordings, broadcasts, performances, displays or other products offered for sale, without the written permission of Clay Ritter. Requests for permission should be made in writing and addressed to Pastor Clay Ritter, c/o Calvary Chapel of Wilmington, 2831 Carolina Beach Rd, Wilmington NC, 28412.

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